渗透性脱髓鞘综合征

Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome

渗透性脱髓鞘综合征是由于慢性低钠血症患者,予以迅速补钠,改变低渗状态,造成有毒损害。渗透性脱髓鞘综合征的临床表现有脑桥中央髓鞘溶解症、脑桥外髓鞘溶解症。本文复习了渗透性脱髓鞘综合征的临床、病因和病理并作介绍。

The osmotic demyelination syndrome is a complication of treatment of patients with profound, lift threatening hyponatraemia. It occurs as a conseguence of a rapid rise in serum tonicity in individuals with chronic severe hyponatraemia who have made intracellular adaptations to the prevailing hypotonicity. Elevating in serum sodium is the overwhelming contributor to the rise in tonicity. Clinical manifestations of osmotic demyelination syndrome include a central pontine myelinolysis and an extrapontine myelinolysis mainly. In this review we discuss the clinical, pathological, and etiological features of the syndrome.