小型林间独栖反刍动物栖息地选择研究进展

A review of studies on habitat selection by small and solitary forest ruminants

野生动物的栖息地利用及选择是动物生态学的重要概念和研究领域。由于小型林间独栖反刍动物(small and solitary forest ruminant,SSFR)具有相对孤居、行踪隐蔽、警惕性高及栖息地郁闭度大而难以被目击等特点,对SSFR栖息地利用和选择的研究难度较大,文献报道相对较少。文章概述了SSFR栖息地的一般生态特征对其栖息地利用的影响,阐述了不同尺度水平的SSFR栖息地选择的研究现状,结合其他有蹄类动物的相关研究,论述了关于SSFR家域、觅食地和卧息地选择的研究进展,简要探讨了栖息地片断化对SSFR栖息地选择的影响,强调了多尺度研究SSFR的必要性和重要性。

Habitat selection of wildlife is one of the most important ecological processes. However, it is difficult to study the habitat utilization of small and solitary forest ruminants （SSFR） because of their secretive nature and their relatively closed habitat. Thus, there are few reports in the literature. Nevertheless, because these studies can contribute to the understanding of evolutionary processes in the life style of ruminants and even ungulates, the habitat preferences of small and solitary forest runinants has become an important topic. This review summarized the general characteristics of small and solitary forest ruminant habitats and the influence of developmental stages on their habitat utilization. The status of advances in research on habitat selection at different scales were also discussed. Furthermore, integrated study methods using multi-scales in habitat selection were emphasized, and impacts of habitat fragmentation on small and solitary forest ruminants were explored. [ Ch, 60 ref. ]