噪声对作业工人听力与心血管系统影响的分析

Analysis of Noise Influence in Hearing and Cardiovascular System of Industrial Worker

目的探讨工业噪声对作业工人听力及心血管系统的影响。方法对某公司463名噪声作业工人及对照组286人进行纯音电测听、血压和心电图检查。结果噪声组听力损伤发生率为41.7%,显著高于对照组(8.4%)。高血压的总患病率与对照组比较,差异有显著性;且随着接噪工龄的延长逐渐增加,接噪工龄≥5年高血压的患病率明显增加。噪声组的心电图改变与对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01),主要改变是窦性心动过缓、ST及T段改变、束支传导阻滞。结论接触噪声对听力和心血管产生不良影响,危害程度与接触时间有关。

Objective To explore the influence of industrial noise to workers＇ hearing and cardiovascular system. Methods The pure tone electrical measurement, blood pressure and electrocardiogram of 463 industrial workers exposed to noises were examined and then compared with 286 non- noise- exposed subjects. Results The hearing impairment rate in the noise - exposed group was 41.7%, and significantly higher than that of the control group （8.4%）. The noise - exposed workers had higher incidence of hypertension as compared with the controls, especially those who had 〉5 year exposure. The ECG abnormality in the exposed group was higher as compared with the controls （P〈 0.01）, and the abnormalities were sinobradycardias, ST and T alterations, and bundle branch blockades. Conclusion Noise exposure has adverse effects on hearino and cardiovascular systems, which is related to exposure duration.