妊娠巨大儿临床特点及分娩方式的临床研究

A study on clinical characteristics and delivery methods of macrosomia

目的研究近3年来我院巨大儿的发生率、临床特点及分娩方式,降低母婴并发症。方法回顾分析2003年至2005年311例巨大儿的诊治情况,随机抽取同期分娩正常体重胎儿作为对照组。结果巨大儿发生率呈上升趋势;巨大儿的发生与其母亲的身高、孕末期体质量、孕产次、妊娠糖尿病有关。孕妇腹围+宫高、胎儿双顶径+股骨长以及腹横径明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。巨大儿组剖宫产及产钳助产率高,产时出血多,新生儿窒息、产伤发生率高。结论重视巨大儿的临床特点和早期诊断,选择适当分娩方式,可减少分娩并发症。

Objective To study the incidence, clinical characteristics and mode of delivery and birth outcomes of macrosomic infants in the recent three years in order to decrease the maternal and newborn complications. Methods The clinical data of 311 eases of macrosomia from January 2003 to December 2005 were enrolled in the study, and randomly selected pregnant women who delivered mature and normal weight fetus as control group, Results The incidence of macrosomia increased from 2003 to 2005. The occurance of macrosomia had relations with mean height, body weight, the number of pregnancy and accouchemen, gestational diabetes mellitus of the mothers. There were significant differences of the abdominal circumference adding height of the uterus（HOU） of the pregnant women, the biparietal diameter （BPD） adding the femur length （FL）, the abdominal transverse diameter （ATD） of the fetuses between two groups. The incidenc of the intraoperative hemorrage, asphyxia neonatorum, birth trauma were significantly higher in the macrosomia group than that in the control group（P〈0.01）. Conclusion It must give us attention to the clinical characteristics of macroso- mia so as to effectively reduce the incidence of complications for both mothers and fetuses,