中国农村老年人的生活质量和主观幸福感

Quality of life and subjective well-being of the aged in Chinese countryside

目的研究当前我国农村老年人的生活质量和主观幸福感。方法依据北京大学老龄健康与家庭研究中心2002年《中国老年人健康长寿调查数据库》,以城镇老年人为参照,分析农村老年人的生活质量和主观幸福感。结果与城镇老年人相比,农村老年人的生活质量较差和主观幸福感(包括生活满意度与情感体验)较低。被调查的农村老年人中,近4/5的人依靠子孙赡养,近1/5的人生活困难和比较困难,近1/4的人收入不够用,仅有3.5%的人享受公费医疗,约1/7的人不能及时治病。此外,农村老年人的社会支持更多来自于子孙而非配偶。结论当前我国农村老年人生活质量和主观幸福感的总体水平显著差于城镇老年人。

Objective To explore the quality of life and subjective well-being of the aged in Chinese countryside. Methods The quality of life and subjective well-being of the aged in Chinese countryside were analyzed according to 2002 Health Longevity Investigation Database of the Aged in China from Center for Senile Health ＆ Family Study of Beijing University and taking the aged in town as reference. Results The aged in countryside had the poorer quality of life and lower subjective well-being （ including living well-being and affection experience） than the ones in town. Of the aged in countryside investigated, about 80% depended on providing from their descendants, and 20% had difficulty in living, about 25% had no enough income to meet living requirement, only 3.5% had free medical care, about one-sevenths couldn＇t accept treatment in time. In addition, the aged in countryside mainly obtained social support from their descendants but their spouse. Conclusions At present, the total level of quality of life and subjective well-being of the aged in Chinese countryside are poorer than those of the ones in town.