对21例住院患者跌倒的调查分析及对策

Analysis and countermeasures of inpatient falls from 21 cases

目的分析住院患者发生跌倒的相关因素,以探讨有效的干预措施。方法回顾性调查我院2005～2006年上报的21名住院患者发生跌倒的资料。结果两年内住院患者跌倒发生率为0.02%,年龄为(68.52±18.19)岁;病情方面,癌症占33.34%,脑梗死、冠心病、高血压占28.57%,术后占14.29%,肺部感染占9.52%;时间方面,发生在傍晚及夜间占80.95%;入院1周内发生跌倒占47.62%;跌倒因素方面,跌倒与体位改变相关占71.43%;跌倒前有服药史占71.43%;跌倒时有家属或护工陪伴占52.38%;预后方面,跌倒造成不同程度后果者占76.19%。结论应加强住院患者跌倒高危因素的评估,对住院环境进行审核和纠正,加强护患双方防范跌倒的宣教,最大程度地降低住院患者跌倒的发生率。

Objective To analyze the related factors of inpatient falls and explore the effective prevention measures. Method A retro-spective analysis was conducted on the 21 cases of reported falls from Jan. 2005 to Dec. 2006. Results The rate of inpatient falls was 0.02% in the recent two years. The average age of patients experienced falls was 68.52±18.19 years. In which,33.34% of the pa-tients were diagnosed as cancer,28.57% suffered from cerebral-vascular or cardiovascular diseases, 14.29% were postoperative pa-tients,and 9.52% suffered from lung infection. 80.95% of the patient falls occurred in the evening or at night. 47.62% of falls oc-curred during the first week of hospitalization. 71.43% of the falls were related to position change,71.43% had a medication history. 52.38% of them fell down accompanied by relatives or nurse aids. 76. 19% of falls resulted in different degrees of injuries. Conclusion It is suggested to enhance risk factor assessment, modify hospital environment,provide safety education both for patients and nursing staff, in order to minimize the rate of inpatient falls.