老子“道”的社会意义

On the Social Significance of Lao Zi's "Tao"

老子思想的核心概念是“道”,而道最根本的性质是“自然”、“无为而无不为”。落实到社会问题上,最好的治国之道是“功成事遂,百姓皆谓我自然。”“无以为”与“无不为”应该是老子无为思想的两个方面,缺一不可,互相补充。在此基础上,老子对儒家的仁、义、礼等作了评论和批判。在当时人们特别是统治者太“有为”的情况下,老子的这一思想有着解毒剂的作用,但它也容易招致误解,而且这一思想本身也并非无可挑剔。

The core of Lao Zi＇s ideology is the concept of ＂Tao＂, the connotation of which is ＂naturalness＂ and ＂action through inaction.＂ The Taoist belief in administration is that ＂when success comes, people say I did it naturally.＂ The two mutual- complementary and indispensable aspects in his thought are ＂action＂ and ＂inaction＂. Lao Zi criticized the Confucian concepts, such as ＂benevolence＂, ＂justice＂ and ＂propriety＂. If we take into consideration the reality of the powerful monarch, we can see that Lao Zi＇s idea of ＂inaction＂ served as an antidote. However, this idea tends to arouse misinterpretation. And the idea itself is not perfect.