NaCl胁迫对茄子嫁接苗生长和离子分布的影响

Growth and Ionic Distribution of Grafted Eggplant Seedlings with NaCl Stress

以引进日本的设施栽培专用耐盐茄子品种Torvum Vigor为砧木,栽培品种苏崎茄为接穗,通过营养液栽培对80 mmol·L-1NaCl胁迫下茄子嫁接苗和自根苗的生长和离子分布进行了比较.结果表明,(1)NaCl胁迫下嫁接苗茎伸长受抑制程度显著低于自根苗,嫁接苗根部生长旺盛;(2)嫁接苗根部贮存一定量的Na+、Cl-,地上部除叶柄外各部位Na+、Cl-含量均显著低于自根苗;(3)NaCl胁迫后嫁接苗在幼叶和根部保持较高K+/Na+和Ca2+/Na+值;(4)嫁接苗根部选择吸收SK,Na、SCa,Na值和幼叶选择运输SK,Na、SCa,Na值均显著高于自根苗.因此,嫁接茄子因根部Na+、Cl-的贮存,减轻了地上部的盐离子毒害,而且K+和Ca2+在幼叶和根部的特异积累使其K+/Na+值和Ca2+/Na+值提高,从而增强了耐盐性.

Using ＇Torvum Vigor＇ （Solanum torvum Swartz） which is a salt tolerant cultivar introdaced from Japan as rootstock and cultivar ＇Suqiqie＇ （S. melongena L. ） as scion, grafting was made to compare the differences in growth and ionic distribution between hydroponically-grown grafted and own-root eggplant seedlings under 80 mmol · L^-1 NaCl stress. The results showed that the inhibiting extent of stem elongation of grafted seedlings was significantly lower than that of own-root seedlings, the growth of grafted seedlings was more vigorus than that of own-root seedlings, especially in roots;the contents of Na^＋ and Cl^- of grafted seedlings were significantly lower than those of own-root seedlings in shoot except in petiole, and they were accumulated in roots of grafted seedlings. Under NaCl stress, grafted seedlings kept high values of K^＋/Na^＋ and Ca^2＋/Na^＋ in young leaves and roots; selective absorption values of SK,Na and SCa.Na in roots and selective transport values of SK.Na and SCa,Na in young leaves of grafted seedlings were significantly higher than those of own-root seedlings. Based on these results,it could be concluded that,mechanisms of salt tolerance of grafted eggplant seedlings were attributed both to accumulation of Na^＋ and Cl^- in roots to alleviate the injury effect of salt ions on shoot growth,and to increasing the values of K^＋/Na^＋ and Ca^2＋/ Na^＋ in young leaves and roots by accumulating K^＋ and Ca^2＋.