油茶新造幼林挂果特性及其产量测定

Fruiting Characteristics and Yield Determination of Young Plantation in Camellia oleifera L.

通过10多a的连续观测研究,发现油茶新造幼林第2～3年可以开花结果,第4、5年的挂果率达到47．4%～62．3%,单株产果量,单株冠幅和冠幅产果量均呈逐渐递增的趋势．造林后第8～10年进入盛果期．分析了油茶新造幼林挂果的特点和开花结实规律,提出了油茶新造幼林产量测定的基本方法和标准．油茶新造幼林的产量测定以冠幅面积产果量推算时,从第5年开始,连续4a测定单株产果量和单株冠幅,计算平均每m^2冠幅产果量,再按盛果期郁闭度为0．60时的结果冠幅面积来推算油茶成林盛果期的单位面积产量较为适宜,然后根据历年取样测定的鲜果含油率来计算产油量．

Based on observation and researches on fruiting characteristics in Camellia oleifera L. for over 10 years, the results show that young plantation will have blossom and fruit in 2～3 years; the ratio of fruiting trees reaches 47. 4%～62. 3% in 4～5 years, yield per unite and crown projective area rise gradually; it will have get into full fruit period in 8～10 years. The fruiting characteristics and laws of young plantation are analyzed, and methods and standards of yield determination in early stage are put forward. Yield determination should be done in 5- year-old plants, and last for 4 years continually. Based on yield of individual plant, crown projective area and oil content of the fresh fruit determined, yield per unite can be calculated in full fruit period under 0. 6 canopy density.