焦化废水污染特征及其控制过程与策略分析

Pollution characteristics of coking wastewater and control strategies: biological treatment process and technology

针对量大面广、成分复杂、具有典型的有毒/难降解工业有机废水特征的焦化废水,介绍了不同生产工艺的水质水量、污染物组成、有机污染物的生物降解特性及基于其特性的废水处理方法的选择;重点分析了以脱氮为目标的A/O、A2/O、A/O2、O/A/O工艺的特点,强调了生物流化床反应器的高效性;从溶解氧、温度、pH值、营养组成、污泥龄及有毒有害物质调控等方面讨论了焦化废水污染控制过程的影响因素,比较了不同工程工艺的技术特点与经济差异,对一些敏感性指标提出了控制策略,强调了技术创新与政策性补偿有助于解决行业环保问题的观点.

Coking wastewater is a typical industrial organic/hard-biodegradable wastewater with complicated components and large discharge amount. This paper introduces the quality and quantity of eoking wastewater, the constituents of pollutants, the hiodegradation characteristics of organic compounds and the selection of treatment methods. The technical characteristics of A/O, A^2/O, A/O2 and O/A/O which have denitrogenation ability were analysed. The biological fluidized bed reactor is effective for the removal of COD and nitrogen. DO, temperature, pH value, nutrition, SRT and toxic/harmful matter which affecting the process of pollutants control were discussed; several projects and processes were compared from the technical aspects and economic differences. The control strategies of some sensitive indicators were introduced. It was pointed out that the technological innovation and policy-related compensation benefit the solving of environmental problem.