中国区域经济与资源丰度相关性研究

Research on Relationship between Resource Abundance and Regional Economy Development in China:Based on Resource Curse Theory

以省域面板数据为基础,选取水、耕地、森林、能源、矿产等五种资源,验证了1978-2004年中国不同种类资源丰度与区域经济发展之间的相关关系,研究表明:①资源诅咒原理在中国内部区域之间仍然成立,除水资源外,耕地、能源、矿产和森林等四种资源的丰度与区域经济发展水平都呈现负相关关系,其程度由高到低依次是:耕地资源、矿产资源、能源资源、森林资源;②遭遇"资源诅咒"的省处于"资源丰度—经济发展"坐标系第IV象限,并绝大多数都位于西部地区和东北地区;③各省人均GDP与综合资源丰度的对数成反比,我国资源丰裕度与经济发展水平成相反的变化趋势;④自然资源对于经济增长的影响作用往往是通过多种机制共同作用的结果,中国资源诅咒的传导机制主要包括"荷兰病"效应、制度效应、"挤出"效应以及区位和交通因素等方面。

Resource curse theory in economy development points out that rich resources tend to block but not promote economy development. Based on the comparasion of different provinces, this article chose water, tilth, forest, energy and mineral resources as example to inspect the relationship between resource abundance and economy development in different regions in China. Conclusions are as follows： ①Resource curse theory can also be used in inner China, except for water resource. The abundance of tilth, energy, mineral and forest resources has negative relation with regional economy development, and it goes as tilth, mineral, energy and forest resources from high to low. ②The provinces where resource curse occurs are in the IV quadrant of ＂resource-abundance and economy-development＂ coordinate system and most of them are located in westem China or the north-east region. ③ GDP per capita of the provinces in China has inverse relation with the logarithm of its resource abundance integration index. Resource abundance goes the opposite way against regional economy development. ④ There are many mechanisms acting together through which the natural resources affect economy development. The main mechanism of resource curse in China include the Dutch Disease effect, the government system effect, the ＂extrusion effect＂ and the location ＆ transportation factors.