肉种鸡马立克氏病的动态病理组织学研究

Dynamic pathohistological study on broiler breeders with Marek's disease

通过人工感染马立克氏病病毒强毒株的1日龄肉种鸡，定期剖检，进行病理组织学和肿瘤组织的超微结构观察，为目前复杂的禽肿瘤性疾病混合感染鉴别诊断及早期诊断提供病理学依据。结果表明，光镜下，感染后1周各组织器官主要为炎性变化或变化不明显；2周时，部分器官发现一种胞体较大，胞浆强嗜碱性，其细胞核只有极少或无详细结构的马立克氏病细胞。大部分组织器官淋巴细胞、网状细胞增生，增生程度日益加重，大脑有血管套现象；7周时，肌胃内动脉首先出现粥样硬化，在10～13周时，大脑等相继出现该变化。电镜下，肝脏肿瘤组织有大小不同的淋巴细胞和马立克氏病病毒，并见淋巴细胞的凋亡和核分裂相。本实验通过动态病理学研究发现，马立克氏病细胞和动脉粥样硬化可作为MD肿瘤产生前早期诊断的依据。

To provide a theoretical basis for differential diagnosis and early diagnosis of co-infection of tumorous diseases, we studied patho- histological changes and ultrastructure of tumor issues of 1-day-old broiler breeders inoculated with Marek＇ s disease virulent virus. The study showed that inflammatory changes were observed in main organs at 1 week old under the optical microscope. Proliferation of lymphocytes and reticular cells were seen in main organs at 2 week old, and cuffing in cerebrum and Marek＇ s disease cells were observed. Atheroselerosis （AS） of Muscular stomach could be seen at 7 weeks old. AS was observed in cerebrum and other organs from 10 to 13 weeks old. Multi- morphology Lymphocytes, Marek＇ s disease virus, mitotic figures and apoptosis of lymphocytcs were observed at transmission electron microscope. Dynamic pathohistological study showed that Marek＇ s disease virus cells as well as atheroselerosis can serve as a basis for early stage diagnosis.