盐类在金属、非金属成矿过程中的作用

THE SALT ROLES IN THE MINERALIZING PROCESSES OF METAL AND NON-METAL DEPOSTIS

盐类与金属、油气、固体非金属矿床经常相互共生,在其成矿过程中起到了不可忽视的作用。在成矿过程中提供金属物质和部分硫源,为矿床的形成提供了有利的容矿空间。作为良好的矿化剂增强了在流体活动过程中萃取岩石中的金属(不一定要有高含量)的能力,对金属的活化、迁移与沉淀起到了渗滤、扩散、混染、交代、溶蚀、氧化还原和沸腾等作用。在石油、天然气形成过程中,无机盐类促使干酪根热解生烃,并可作烃源岩;盐类可充当盖层,并对油气的圈闭、运移和保存有控制作用。

Salts are generally in association with gas-oil reservoirs,solid metal and non-metal ore deposits and the roles of salt in the ore-forming processes can not be neglected.For example,salts can provide metallic elements and some sulfur,and room for formation of ore deposits.As good mineralizers,salts not only enhance the fluid＇s extracting capacity of metals from rocks（whether they are abundant or not） but also play active role in ore material activization,migration,sedimentation,infiltration,diffusion,contamination,replacement,dissolution,oxidation and reduction,ore fluid boiling and so on.In the forming process of petroleum and natural gas,inorganic salts fasten kerogens＇s pyrolysis leading to forming the source rocks.Salts layers can also serve as cap formations to control the trap,movement and preservation of oil and gas.