中国南北方雷暴及人工触发闪电电特性对比分析

A ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF THUNDERSTORM AND ARTIFICIALLY TRIGGERED LIGHTNING IN THE NORTH AND SOUTH OF CHINA

通过对我国南北方雷暴及人工触发闪电电特性的对比分析，发现南北方雷暴及人工触发闪电电特性有很大差异。北方雷暴电荷结构呈三极性，人工触发闪电是在地面电场为正的情况下成功的，主要由连续电流和双极性电流脉冲组成，最大放电电流为１ｋＡ，中和电荷量只有几库仑；南方雷暴则为偶极性，触发闪电由连续电流和多次回击组成，电流峰值大于１０ｋＡ。触发闪电时地面电场均为负极性，基本在４ｋＶ／ｍ以上；触发高度在北方最低为２６０ｍ，南方最高为３００ｍ，在南方人工触发闪电更容易成功。另外。

In this paper,characteristics of thunderstorm and artificially triggered lightning in the north and south of China were analysed The results indicate characteristics of thunderstorm and triggered lightning appear to be significant different in the north and south of China In the north triggered lightning was usually associated with positive charge overhead,which produces positive ground field by convention The discharge contained only upward moving negative leader followed by continuous current process and dipole current pulse without return strokes The maximum peak current of discharge was 1 kA and the charge transferred was several Coulomb In contrast to triggered lightning in the northern China,triggered lightning in the south of China were all with negative ground field(negative charge overhead) They appear to be more energetic than that in the northern China and usually contained several return strokes The peak current was more than 10 kA The electric field values at ground just before rocket launching were little different in the north and south of China The minimum triggered altitude of lightning discharge was 260 m in the north and maximum altitude was 300 m in the south of China And the differences of these characteristics were discussed in theory