生活方式导致近视

近视眼是一种全球性流行性眼病,其患病率呈逐年增长趋势,除给人们的学习和生活带来极大的不便外,高度近视眼还可引起一系列严重的眼部并发症。东亚地区的近视患病率远远高于欧美地区,在欧美国家,成年人患病率一般在12%～28%。在我国,仅青少年患病率就约为27.65%～53.80%不等。不同性别间患病率大致相似[1]。传统的看法是,这一地区的人因遗传变异而易患近视,近年来,多项研究表明,巨大的环境作用已超过了遗传的影响,许多现代社会的不良生活方式直接导致近视的发生。近视眼已成为日益严重的健康问题,仅仅依靠医务工作者矫治达不到抑制其蔓延的目的,必须加强相关教育,促使人们改变生活方式,对近视进行积极预防。

Myopia is a epidemic disease all over the world and the morbidity increases year by year. High myopia can lead to a series of optical complications besides inconveniences in working and studying. The prevalence of myopia in East Asia is more severe than Europe and America. In latter, the morbidity of adult is between 12 % and 28%. But it is between 27.65% and 53.80% in China, and most of them are adolescent. There is no difference between opposite sex. Traditional view is that people living in the area are liable to be myopia because of genetic variation. However, many recent researches show that the huge environmental effect has overwhelmed genetic effect. As a result, many unhealthy lifestyles in our modem society make people catch myopia immediately. Today, myopia has been an increasing severe healthy problem. To control the spread of myopia, we must strengthen relative instruction and propel people change their harmful lifestyles instead of only depending on medical worker＇ treatment, which can help people prevent myopia positively.