哺乳动物胚胎冷冻保存研究进展

Advance in Cryopreservation of Mammalian Embryos

哺乳动物胚胎冷冻保存效果受冷冻保护剂、冷冻方法、解冻方法等多种因素影响,其中冷冻方法是一个关键性因素。目前胚胎冷冻方法主要有常规慢速冷冻法和玻璃化冷冻法两种。常规慢速冷冻法是指利用甘油、乙二醇等做冷冻保护剂通过缓慢降温的方式进行胚胎冷冻;玻璃化冷冻法是指利用高浓度的冷冻保护剂通过快速降温的方式进行胚胎冷冻。与常规慢速冷冻法相比,玻璃化冷冻法简化了操作过程,大大缩短了操作时间,不需昂贵的程序控制冷冻仪。

Cryopreservation of mamalian embryos is effected by many factors, such as cryoprotectants, freezing method and thawing method. Freezing method is a crucial factor among of them. There are two main freezing methods now, conventional slow cooling and vitrification. Conventional slow cooling method is achieved slowly by using cryoprotectants, such as glycerol or ethylene glycol. Vitrification is achieved by using high concentration cryoprotectants and fast cooling. Compared to conventional slow cooling, vitrification is simpler, faster and less expensive.