古日语被动态表现形式“V+べし”刍议

An Analysis on the Passive ‘V+besi’ Pattern of the Ancient Japanese——Comparing with ‘ke+V’ Pattern of the Ancient Chinese

通常认为古日语的"べし"作为助动词表示当然、确定的推断、说话者的意志和决定、可能、命令等意义。本文通过与表示被动的古汉语"可+V"结构进行比较指出,古日语"V+べし"结构由于受到古汉语"可+V"结构的影响也具有被动意义,是古日语被动态的表现形式之一。

It is generally accepted that the ancient Japanese ‘besi’ as an auxiliary verb shows ＇ naturally, certain supposition, talker＇s will and decision, possibility, order i. e.’. Comparing with the ancient Chinese ＂V＋ke＂, this paper points out that ＂V＋besi＂ also represents the passive, and it is one of the passive patterns in the ancient Japanese.