应用HPLC图谱进行石蒜属种间关系与分类研究

Inter-specific Relationships Analysis and Classification of Lycoris by HPLC Chromatograms

利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)对石蒜属及其近缘植物中国水仙共17份样品的生物碱进行检测,以各样品生物碱色谱峰的相对保留时间为变量,采用SPSS12.0中的Q型聚类法,得到树形图。聚类分析结果显示,17份样品聚成3类:第Ⅰ类包括长筒石蒜、安徽石蒜、鹿葱、换锦花、中国石蒜、香石蒜、乳白石蒜、红蓝石蒜8个种;第Ⅱ类由石蒜、稻草石蒜、江苏石蒜、忽地笑、玫瑰石蒜、矮小石蒜组成;中国水仙单独成第Ⅲ类。聚类结果与传统分类结果有较好的一致性,并支持鹿葱、玫瑰石蒜、安徽石蒜杂交起源的观点。外形相似的忽地笑与中国石蒜,矮小石蒜与石蒜HPLC图谱明显有别,表现出较远化学亲缘关系。表明HPLC化学图谱可用于石蒜属及其近缘植物中国水仙的分类和鉴别研究,并为石蒜属植物指纹图谱研究和质量控制提供重要参考。

17 accessions of Lycoris and Narcissus tazetta L. var. chinensis were studied with HPLC tech- nique. The alkaloids of accessions were separated and eluted with water-acetonitrile-methanol as the mobile phase. A dendrogram of these accessions was established by Q cluster analysis using the relative retention time of chromatograms. The results indicated that 17 accessions were divided into three major groups： Group Ⅰ included L. anhuiensis, L. longituba, L. squamigera, L. incarnata, L. chinensis, L. sprengeri, L. albi flora and L. haywardii ; Group Ⅱconsisted of L. radiata, L. straminea, L. a urea, L. houdyshelii, L. ra- diata var. pumila and L. rosea. N. tazetta L. var. chinensis was as an independent group Ⅲ. The clustering of species according to the HPLC chromatograms data generally agreed with the traditional taxonomic study. Our HPLC chromatographic data also supports the likelihood hybrid origin of L. squamigera,L, an- huiensis and L. rosea. However,there was significant difference in HPLC chromatograms between L. aurea and L. chinenesis and also between L. radiata and L. radiata var. pumila,which indicated a far phylogenet- ic distance between them. The method was rapid and precise,not only can be use for classify and authentic- ate Lycoris species and its relatives, but also provides important references for HPLC fingerprint and quali- ty of Lycoris.