‘杨格尔’与‘京秀’葡萄胚珠发育过程中的活性氧代谢比较

A Comparative Study on Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen Species During Ovule Development in Seeded and Seedless Grapes

以盛花后不同时期的无核葡萄品种杨格尔和有核葡萄品种京秀的胚珠为材料,测定胚珠中超氧阴离子(O2.-)生成速率和过氧化氢(H2O2)含量及活性氧清除酶活性的变化。结果表明:O2.-在两品种胚珠发育过程中均呈一直上升的趋势,在胚珠发育的中后期无核品种杨格尔产生速率明显大于有核品种京秀;胚珠中H2O2含量表现先升后降再升的趋势,但再升时无核品种杨格尔显著大于有核品种京秀;胚珠内活性氧清除酶超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(AsA-POD)及无核品种杨格尔的过氧化物酶(POD)活性表现先升后降的趋势,无核品种杨格尔的酶活性在胚珠败育后明显下降,有核品种京秀仍在较高的水平,且有核品种的POD活性先快速上升后一直保持缓慢上升的趋势。胚珠内活性氧类物质及活性氧清除酶类的变化趋势与无核葡萄杨格尔幼胚败育有一定相关。

The O2^- production rate and H2O2 content and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes in the ovule of seedless grape ‘Youngle＇ and seeded grape ‘Jingxiu＇ were studied in the different periods after bloom. The results indicated that the concentrations of O2^- rose all the time, and the increasing rate in the ovule of seedless cuhivar ‘Youngle＇ was greater than that in the ovule of seeded cultivar ‘Jingxiu＇ during middle and later periods of development; H2O2 concentration increased initially and decreased before it increased again. The subsequent increase in the seedless cultivar ‘Youngle＇ was significantly greater than seeded cuhivar ‘Jingxiu＇. The activities of SOD, CAT and AsA-POD increased initially and dropped drastically after ovule abortion in the seedless cuhivar ‘Youngle＇ But it maintained high level in seeded cuhivar ‘Jingxiu＇. The activity of POD in the ovule of the seedless cultivar ‘Youngle＇ displayed a similar trend to the other enzymes, but the activity in seeded cultivar ‘Jingxiu＇ increased constantly, but the increasing speed was lower in later stages. The changes of reactive oxygen content and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in ovules have some relevance to ovule abortion in the seedless cuhivar ‘Youngle＇.