鸡西矿区废弃地重金属含量及其污染评价

Evaluation and Content of Heavy Metal Pollution in Mine Areas Wasteland of Jixi

以黑龙江省鸡西市矿区废弃地为研究区,对不同矿区废弃地(石墨尾矿、电厂煤灰坝和工矿采石场)重金属元素Zn,Ni,Cr,As,Pb,Hg进行含量分析和污染评价,结果表明:石墨尾矿Zn和Ni含量、电厂煤灰坝Ni含量均较高,且超过了国家土壤环境质量二级标准;Cr,As和Pb含量在3种矿区废弃地中均未超过二级标准,其中除Zn和Cr在电厂煤灰坝低于一级标准外,其他均高于一级标准,而Hg含量均超过了三级标准,说明Hg是主要也是最强烈的污染源。综合污染指数在石墨尾矿、煤灰坝和采石场分别达到了5.60,3.74,7.66,污染等级达到了重污染,说明这3种废弃地是强烈的污染源,会对矿区周围的生态环境产生严重威胁和污染,并提出了防治对策。

Though antitheses experiments,the content of three types mine areas wastelands（graphite gangue,the cinder pile of power house and stone pit）heavy metals,Zn,Pb,Ni,Cr,Hg,As of the soil were determined and analyzed in the area in Jixi city.The result is showed as follows： the content of Zn and Ni in graphite gangue and Ni in the cinder pile of power house all exceed B environmental quality standard for soils;the content of other three heavy metals Cr,As and Pb all don＇t exceed B standard.The other content of heavy metals is all under the A environmental quality standard for soils,except Zn and Cr in the cinder pile of power house,the content of Hg in these mine areas wastelands all exceed C standard,indicates that the heavy metals Hg is the primary and the most strongest fountainhead of pollution.The comprehensive pollution index in graphite gangue,the cinder pile of power house and stone pit is 5.60,3.74 and 7.66,the pollution in these area is in heavy grade.That result indicates that these three wastelands are the strong pollution resource,they may bring strong intimidation and pollution to the environment around these area.