兼顾市场机制与政府宏观调控的节能发电调度模式及运作机制

Research on Energy-Saving Generation Dispatching Mode and Operational Mechanism Considering Market Mechanism and Government Macro-Control

实施节能发电调度将引起各方利益的重大调整,解决该问题的最佳办法是采用市场机制,而目前中国电力市场还很不成熟,电力工业市场化程度还很低。本文结合中国国情提出了兼顾政府宏观调控(计划调控)与市场机制的节能发电调度模式及其运作机制。该模式通过对各类发电机组按能耗和污染物排放水平排序来实施优化调度,以实现节能发电调度的目标要求;同时,采用政府宏观调控与市场机制相结合的办法来平衡协调各方利益,避免采用容易引起矛盾的行政命令经济补偿手段(强行切块分割),最大程度地缓解利益调整引发的社会稳定问题。该模式以电网安全及连续可靠供电为约束,以节能、环保、经济为目标,实现了政府宏观调控与市场机制的有机结合,兼顾了各方利益,有效解决了节能发电调度引起的各方利益重大调整问题。

Implemention of energy saving power dispatching will bring a significant impact to the profit allocation of all parties and the best resolution to reallocate the profit is utilization of the market mechanism. Based on China＇s actual situations, the author proposes a novel energy-saving generation dispatching mode and its operational mechanism, in which the government macro-control and market mechanism are considered. By means of sequencing the energy consumption and pollutant emission level of all kind of generation units the optimal generation dispatching is implemented to realize the target requirement of energy-saving generation dispatching; meanwhile the means of combining combines government macro-control with market mechanism is adopted to balance and coordinate the benefits in all respects to avoid the economic compensation measure only drafted by administrative decree that is easy to trigger off contradictions, thus the social stability problem caused by profit redistribution can be alleviated to the largest extent. In the proposed mode, the power grid security as well as the continuous and reliable power supply are taken as constraints, the energy-saving, economy and environment protection as objectives, thus the organic combination of government macro-control with market mechanism is realized and the benefits in all respects are considered, and the significant problem of allocating benefits in every respects, which is caused by energy-saving generation dispatching, could be effectively solved.