濒危之中的广西彝族毕摩文化

Guangxi Yi People Bimo Culture is in Severe Danger

毕摩文化是彝族文化的核心,是各地彝族人民的精神依托,也是祖国文化遗产之一部分。在广西,彝族人口不多,居住也比较分散,但毕摩文化的影响仍然相当深远,不仅彝族同胞信奉自己祖先创建,并世代传吟毕摩经,而且彝族住地周围的壮、汉、苗、瑶、仡佬等各族人民,也对毕摩文化怀有一种崇敬的心理和尊从的态度。毕摩文化牵动着岭南西路彝区民俗民风,促成多姿多彩的民俗文化事象,激励着彝族人民的自信心和自尊心,鼓舞世代彝族人民战胜强敌和自然灾害。由于时代的变迁和外来文化的冲击,在广西彝区,毕摩文化亦呈现淡化和消失的趋势。抢救和保护广西彝族毕摩文化,同样是彝区各级人民政府、民族文化工作者义不容辞的工作。各级人民政府、民族文化工作者和广大彝族同胞,都应该以这一抢救和保护工作为已任,认真抓好这项工程的实施。具体说,一要注意保护毕摩文化的形成条件和生态环境;二要注意培养毕摩的后继人;三要加强发掘、整理和研究,纳入中华民族文化宝库;四要与旅游事业联系起来,促进经济生产和四化建设。

Bimo Culture is the core of Yi Culture, the spirit support of the Yi people, and a part of cultural legacy of China as well. In Guangxi province, though Yi people are of small population and scattered in different areas, Bimo Culture has a profound influence on the Yi people here. Not only the Yi people, but also other minorities living near Yi area, such as Zhuang, Han, Miao, Yao, Gelao pay respect and homage to Bimo Culture and intonate the Bimo Epos from generation to generation. Various colorful folk cultures thus came into being. Bimo culture has encouraged the Yi people to beat their enemies and overcome natural disasters. Because of the changes of times and impact from foreign cultures, there is a tendency that Bimo Culture in Yi areas in GuangXi province has been fading away and even disappeared. Therefore, integrated principles should be carried out through the protection and salvation by both the government and the folklorists. First, resources and ecology of Bimo Culture should be protected; Second, inheritors of Bimo Culture should be cultivated; Third, further collections and research on Bimo Culture should be made; Fourth, Bimo Culture and tourism have to be combined so as to promote our economy and modernizations.