社区老年人日常生活能力评价与影响因素分析

Ability of Daily Living of the Elderly in the Community and Its Influencing Factors

目的了解社区老年人日常生活能力现状及其影响因素。方法用自拟量表对江西省南昌市小金台社区≥60岁的老年人日常生活能力(ADL)进行调查,分析ADL的影响因素。结果共调查了258名老年人,生活不能自理者占3.49%,生活尚能自理但多病者占11.24%,基本健康者占85.27%;老年人ADL的14个方面下降程度不一致,其中乘公交车有困难者所占比例最高(占20.16%);高龄、丧偶、自费医疗、残疾、患有循环系统疾病是影响ADL的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论该社区大部分老年人日常生活能自理,高龄、丧偶、自费医疗、残疾、患有循环系统疾病是老年人日常生活能力的主要影响因素。

Objective To investigate the activities of daily living of the elderly in community and its influencing factom. Methods The old people over 60 years old of Xiao Jin Tai Community in Nanchang were investigated with a self - designed questionnaire and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results Among 258 old people investigated in Xiao Jin Tai Community, those who could not live independently account for 3.49% , those who could live independently but had diseases account for 11.24% , and those who were basically healthy account for 85. 27%. In the 14 items reflecting the decrease of daily living ability, the difficulty in going by bus independently accounts for 20. 16%, as the highest rate. Advanced age, spouse losing, medical expenses paid by one＇s own, disability, suffering form circulatory system diseases were the main influencing factors for daily living ability of the elderly （ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Most of the old people in this community can live independently. Advanced age, spouse losing, medical expenses paid by one＇s own, disability, suffering form circulatory system diseases are the main influencing factors for daily living ability of the elderly.