珠海市横琴岛嗜人按蚊形态特征及传疟作用

Morphology and Habits of An. anthropophagus and its Role in Malaria Transmission in Hengqin Island of Zhuhai City

目的研究珠海市横琴岛嗜人按蚊形态及传疟作用。方法2002年和2004年在横琴岛采用全通宵/半通宵人、牛饵诱捕和灯诱等方法捕蚊,观察该岛嗜人按蚊成蚊、卵和蛹皮形态,并与江苏嗜人按蚊进行比较。收集嗜人按蚊和中华按蚊传疟作用的相关参数,估算媒介能量。结果横琴岛嗜人按蚊形态特征与江苏省的嗜人按蚊基本一致。嗜人按蚊是横琴岛优势蚊种,趋吸人血比例和人血指数分别为0.94和0.75。嗜人按蚊和中华按蚊媒介能量分别为5.1914和0.7052,前者的传疟作用约为后者的7倍。结论珠海市横琴岛嗜人按蚊形态与江苏的应属同种,以吸人血为主,具备较高的疟疾传播潜势。

Objective To study the morphology and ecological habits of An.anthropophagus and its role in malaria transmission in Hengqin Island of Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province. Methods Mosquitoes were captured through overnight/semi-overnight trapping with human and cattle baits as well as lamp-trapping. The specimens were morphologically identified through describing the adult mosquitoes, eggs and pupae. The relevant parameters were collected to calculate the vectorial capacity of both An.anthropophagus and An.sinensis. Results There is no morphological difference between the isolate of An.anthropophagus from Hengqin Island and that from Jiangsu Province. Its human blood preference ratio and human blood index was 0.94 and 0.75 respectively, and the vectorial capacity of An.anthropophagus was 7.36 times higher than that of An.sinensis （5.191 4/0.705 2）. Conclusion The isolate of An.anthropophagus from Hengqin Island belongs same species to that from the mainland, which prefers to human blood and shows higher malaria transmission potential.