直接免疫荧光法对多种呼吸道病毒检测的临床意义

Clinical significance of direct immunofluorescence assay for a variety of respiratory viruses

目的为临床提供一种快速诊断呼吸道病毒感染的方法。方法采用直接荧光免疫法检测呼吸道分泌物的合胞病毒、腺病毒、流感病毒A、流感病毒B及副流感病毒1、2、3型。结果对195例呼吸道感染者的鼻咽分泌物标本采用直接荧光免疫法进行病毒原检测,结果显示本地区病毒感染率为57.94%,病毒原以呼吸道合胞病毒为主,副流感病毒1、3型次之,感染以冬季好发。结论该法具有快速、简便、特异性高等优点,对确定临床呼吸道病毒感染是一种非常好的方法。直接荧光免疫法操作简便,费用较低,适合基层医院推广使用。

Objective To establish a rapid method for diagnosis of respiratory tract viral infection. Methods Direct immunofluorescence assay was applied to detecting respiratory syncytial virus （RSV）, adenovirus （ADV）, influenza A virus （RSV）, influenza virus B （FluB）, parainfluenza virus PIV （1, 2, 3） in respiratory secretions. Results The nasopharyngeal specimens collected from 195 patients with respiratory tract infection was detected with direct fluorescence immunoassay for viruses. The results showed that viral infection rate in the region was 57.94 %. The detected virus types in order were RSV, parainfluenza virus 1 and 3. Winter was the favorite season for viral infection. Conclusion Direct immunofluorescence assay is characteristic of rapidity, convenience and high specificity. As a low-cost method for diagnosing viral infection, direct immunofluorescence assay is appropriate for primary hos pitals.