神经内科住院患者医院感染危险因素研究

Analysis of risk factors of nosocomial infection in patient in department of internal neurology

目的探讨神经内科住院患者医院感染情况及其危险因素。方法采用前瞻性和回顾性调查相结合的方法对某院2002年1月1日—2005年12月31日神经内科6897例住院患者进行医院感染调查分析。结果4年平均医院感染率为7.92%,医院感染例次率为9.87%,其中缺血缺氧性脑病、脑出血、脑梗死患者感染率最高,分别为25.35%、14.78%、10.46%。医院感染危险因素主要是年龄、住院时间、意识状态、侵袭性操作、慢性基础疾病、吸烟与饮酒史、应用H2受体拮抗剂。结论神经内科住院患者医院感染危险因素较多,医务人员在治疗和护理过程中,应针对上述危险因素重点监控,防止医院感染的发生。

Objective To evaluate the occurrence and risk factors of nosocomial infection （NI） in patients in department of internal neurology, Methods A prospective and retrospective study was carried out to investigate the occurrence of NI among 6 897 inpatients in department of internal neurology during the period from January 1st, 2002 to December 31st,2005. Results The average NI rate and case NI rate was 7. 92% and 9. 87% respectively. The leading diseases with high incidence of NI were ischemic and anoxic encephalopathy（25.35%）, cerebral hemorrhage（ 14. 78 %）, cerebral infarction（10. 46%）. The main risk factors of NI in patients were age, hospitalization period, state of consciousness, invasive operation, chronic diseases, history of smoking and drinking, application of H2-receptor blocking agent. Conclusion The risk factors of NI in patients in department of internal neurology are common, in order to prevent the occurrence of NI, health care workers should stress the surveillance according to risk factors.