不同玉米品种的抗螟性评价

Evaluation on the Borer-resistance of Different Corn Varieties

[目的]明确玉米品种之间的抗虫性差异,制定适宜的防治措施。[方法]在自然感虫条件下,对辽宁广泛种植的16个玉米品种进行田间抗虫性调查。[结果]丹玉2151、东单16、东单60、连玉19、丹玉46、沈试31的一代螟食叶级别为1～3级,海禾10、沈试29、丹玉39、海禾13、沈单13食叶级别为3.1～6.0级。沈单17、连玉15、沈单13、铁单10、铁单12、东单7的雌穗被害率达50%以上,沈试31、丹玉2151、东单16的雌穗被害率在30%以下,其余品种的雌穗被害率在31%～49%。沈试31茎蛀孔数仅为1.68个,丹玉2151、东单60茎蛀孔数为2～3个。沈单17、铁单10、铁单12、东单7产量与沈试31、丹玉2151差异显著。[结论]不同玉米品种间抗螟性有差异,多数感二代螟。沈试31、丹玉2151、东单16、东单60、单60、连玉19、丹玉46、海禾10和沈试29抗一代螟,对二代螟也有较好的抗性。

[Objective] The study aimed to confirm the insect-resistance differences among corn varieties to establish suitable control measure. [Method] Under conditions of infecting insects naturally, 16 corn varieties planted broadly in Liaoning were conducted for insect-resistance investigation in field. [Result] The leaf feeding scales of the first generation borers on Danyu 2151, Dongdan 16, Dongdan 60, Lianyu 19, Danyu 46 and Shenshi 31 were 1-3-grade and that on Haihe 10, Shenshi 29, Dnayu 39, Haihe 13 and Shendan 13 were 3.1-6.0-grade. The damaged rates of female ears of Shendan 17, Lianyu 15, Shendan 13, Tiedan 10, Tiedan 12 and Dongdan 7 reached more than 50 %, that of Shenshi 31, Danyu 2151 and Dongdan 16 were below 30 % and that of the other varieties were 31%-49 %. The borer hole number per stem of Shenshi 31 was only 1.68 and that of Danyu 2151 and Dongdan 60 were 2-3. The yields of Shendan 17, Tiedan 10, Tiedan 12 and Dongdan 7 had significant difference from that of Shenshi 31 and Danyu 2151. [Conclusion] There was borer-resistance difference among different corn varieties, the most of which were sensitive to the second generation borer. Shenshi 31, Danyu 2151, Dongdan 16, Dongdan 60, Dan 60, Lianyu 19, Danyu 46, Haihe 10 and Shenshi 29 were resistant to the first generation borer and also had better resistance to the second generation borer.