不同包埋干燥方法对几种花材立体干燥花质量的影响

Effect of Different Embedding Media and Temperatures on Dehydration of Some Flowers

在15、25、35、45℃温度下,用变色硅胶、食盐、变色硅胶与食盐混合物3种干燥剂对月季(Rosa hybrida‘sunny pink’)、洋桔梗(Eustoma grandiflorum)和硫华菊(Cosmos sulphurens)进行包埋干燥,研制立体干燥花。结果表明,温度及干燥剂对3种花卉的包埋干燥质量有一定影响。在试验条件下,月季的较佳包埋干燥工艺为:环境温度15℃,变色硅胶与食盐混合作干燥剂(体积比3∶1),干燥240 h;洋桔梗的较佳包埋干燥工艺为:环境温度45℃,变色硅胶与食盐混合作干燥剂(体积比3∶1),干燥54 h;硫华菊的较佳包埋干燥工艺为:环境温度45℃,变色硅胶与食盐混合作干燥剂(体积比3∶1),干燥8 h。干燥后花材在颜色和形态上与鲜花接近,具有较好的观赏效果。

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of three kinds of embedding media （allochroic silica gel, common salt, mixture of allochroic silica gel and common salt ） on dehydration of Rosa hybrida, Eustoma grandiflorum and Cosmos sulphurens under different temperatures （15, 25, 35, 45 degrees C） in order to manufacture dried flowers. Results show that temperature and embedding medium have certain effects on drying quality of flowers. The optimal dehydration effects could be obtained when Rosa hybrida was dried in the mixture of silica gel and common salt （ volume ratio is 3： 1 ） for 240 hours under 15 degrees C, Eustoma grandiflorum in the mixture of silica gel and common salt for 54 hours under 45 degrees C and Cosmos sulphurens in the mixture of silica gel and common salt for 8 hours under 45 degrees C. The dried flower is similar to the fresh flower in color and appearance, and has better ornamental effect.