城市家庭经济压力：一个社会脉动的视角

Economic Stress in Urban Families:A Social Contextual Perspective

对上海875个样本和78个深访资料的分析发现,城市家庭经济压力的ABC-X研究模型呈现以下特征:聚焦经济的压力源事件多维交叉;资源贫乏家庭更多依赖正式支持;脆弱家庭的压力认知更趋负向;中年家庭压力累积应对难。在社会转型的经济制度背景下,城市家庭所经历的普遍而持续的经济压力是国家政策变化和结构性调整的一部分,中老年人口、流动人口以及男性和女性对家庭经济压力的认知和应对策略深刻地受到社会历史、经济发展和文化脉动的影响。与西方家庭压力管理重视内在脉动不同,我国城市家庭经济压力的管理更应重视家庭外部支持系统的建设。

With the data analysis of 875 samples and 78 deep interview cases,the ABC-X model of economic stress in contemporary urban families has four characteristics:Stressor events focusing on economy are multifold;Vulnerable families with less resource depend more upon formal support;The stress perception of fragile families tend to be negative;Stressor pile-up challenges the effective coping in elder families.With the background of social transformation,economic stress which urban families endure is both the result and part of the change of state policy and the adjustment of social structure.Perceptions and coping models of different social groups such as elder people,floating people,male and female are deeply affected by historical,cultural and economical contexts.The management of economic stress in urban families should make more emphasis on the external social support instead of focusing on the internal context which western counterparts prefer to.