老年人预防跌倒意识与行为研究

Investigation on prevention awareness and behaviors of falling among the elderly people

目的描述老年人跌倒状况,比较有无跌倒史老人的预防跌倒意识及行为的差异,研究预防跌倒意识与行为的关系。方法经方便取样研究200例60岁以上老人,通过访谈法调查其跌倒状况、预防跌倒意识与行为关系。结果老年人年跌倒发生率为34%,且随着年龄的增高而上升;跌倒大多发生在室内占64.4%,主要由腿脚无力和障碍物绊倒所致,跌倒主要造成软组织损伤占75%、心理害怕和骨折。无跌倒史老人的预防跌倒意识和行为均优于有跌倒史老人,预防跌倒意识与行为呈正相关。结论提高老年人预防跌倒意识可促进其预防跌倒行为,从而降低跌倒的发生率。

Objective To describe the falling situation,compare the differences of prevention awareness and behaviors between the elderly people with fall experience and those who had no fall experience,and study the relationship between the prevention awareness and behaviors.Methods By a convenient sampling,200 elderly people over 60 years old participated in this study.The fall situation,the prevention awareness and behaviors were investigated through the interview method.Results The incidence of fall was 34% and increased by aging.The fall mostly occurred in indoors（64.4%） due to the extremities weakness or the stumble against the obstacles.Fall resulted in parenchyma injuries（75%）,fear and fractures.The prevention awareness and behaviors of the elderly people without fall experience were significantly higher than those of the elderly people with fall experience.The prevention awareness was positively related to the prevention behaviors.Conclusions Increasing the prevention awareness can promote the prevention behaviors,and then reduce the incidence of fall among the elderly people.