水体富营养化及生物学控制

Study on Water Eutrophication and Biological Control

从国内外水体富营养化的现状及相关研究分析了水体富营养化的产生机理与评价方法,阐述了食物链理论和生命周期理论对水体富营养化的解释,介绍了数学模式判断法、多样性指数判断法、磷负荷判断法等在水体富营养化中的评价作用,并运用生物学控制理论从宏观的动植物生态系统和微观的细菌作用阐述了水体富营养化的防治,分析了鱼类、沉水植物、浮游动物、细菌对水体生态平衡的维持作用。对于水体富营养化的预测、控制治理,缓解水体富营养化现状,促进水资源和生态环境的可持续性发展具有一定的理论意义和实用价值。

Based on the domestic and international status quo of research on water eutrophication, the mechanism and evaluation method of water eutrophication are analyzed in this paper. The explanation for water eutrophication based on vegetative-chain theories and life-period theories is expounded, too. The application of several judgment methods, such as mathematic-mode method , diversityindices method, P-load method , and so on, for water eutrophication evaluation is introduced. Using the biology control theories, this paper elaborates the water eutrophication control from the aspects of macroscopical ecosystem of creature and microcosmic germ function, and analyzes the maintenance function of the action of fish, sunken plant, zooplankton and bacterium for the water ecological balance. The study has good theoretical meanings and application value to forecast, control and manage water eutrophication, release the existing condition of water eutrophication, promote the sustainable development of water resources and ecological environment.