甘肃省金昌市农村地区胃癌流行状况调查

Epidemic status of gastric carcinoma in rural areas of Jinchang of Gansu Province

目的调查甘肃省金昌市农村地区胃癌发生状况及其相关因素,探索甘肃河西走廊地区胃癌高发的原因。方法采用随机抽样的方法,确定金昌市的8个乡镇35个行政村长期在当地居住的人群为调查对象。设计问卷,问卷内容包括调查对象的生活饮食习惯、生活及劳动环境状况、胃癌的发病及死亡状况、对胃癌相关知识的认知程度等,采用无记名方法问卷调查。发放问卷2100份,收回有效问卷2071份,涉及住户2071家10040人。结果1990～2006年胃癌年均粗发病率为102.71/100 000,年均粗死亡率95.87/100000,其中男性为147.18/100000.女性为38.30/100000,男女胃癌死亡率之比为3.84:1。调查结果显示食用油炸食品和腌制的酸菜与胃癌发生无关;因经常滥用药物、大量吸烟和饮酒而引发胃癌的危险度为未滥用药物、未吸烟和未饮酒的2.306倍、36.192倍和15.51倍。OR95%可信区间分别为1.565～3.396、4.63～282.895和4.11～58.537;人群对胃癌相关知识的认知程度低。结论甘肃省金昌市农村地区胃癌发病率高于全国平均水平,为胃癌高发区。当地人群胃癌高发可能与滥用药物、长期吸烟和饮酒、饮食等因素有关。

Objective To investigate the epidemic status and correlation factors of gastric carcinoma in rural areas of Jinchang of Gansu Province. Methods Questionnaires were carried out in 2 071 families from 35 villages of 8 administrative towns in Jinchang City. Results The crude incidence rate of gastric carcinoma per year in Jinchang was 102.71 per hundred thousand from 1990 to 2006, while the death rate was 95.87 per hundred thousand, and it was higher in the male （147.18 per hundred thousand） than in the female （38.30 per hundred thousand） with a ratio of 3.84. The incidence of gastric carcinoma was higher in people with drug and alcohol abuse, and long time smoking than in the control （P 〈0.01）. The recognition to gastric carcinoma in investigated people was lower. Conclusion The incidence of gastric carcinoma in Jinchang was above the nation＇s average level, and this may be related to drug and alcohol abuse, long time smoking, diet, heredity, and other factors.