中、日青鳞小沙丁鱼形态学比较分析

Comparison of Morphological Characteristics of Japanese Sardinella Sardinella Zunasi in China and Japan

运用主成分分析、多变量解析和单因子方差分析方法对青岛、舟山以及日本爱知、香川4个群体的青鳞小沙丁鱼Sardinella zunasi（125尾）5个分节特征和15个量度特征进行了比较分析。多重比较和单因子方差结果显示4个群体在6～8个形态特征上均存在显著性差异（P=0．05）。通过聚类分析得出，4个群体间存在一定程度的分化，中、日群体间有明显的差异，且分布存在着一定程度的南北或东西的地理变化。通过计铒差异系数，根据Mayr等提出的75％规则，认为它们的形态差异仍然是种内不同地理种群的差异。

Five meristic characters and fifteen morphological characteristics were measured and the data were analyzed by the principle component analysis method, multivariate analysis method and one-way ANOVA to study the morphological variations among four populations of Sardinella zunasi （125 individuals） collected from Qingdao, Zhoushan, Aichi and Kagawa. The multivariate analysis and one-way ANOVA results Showed that there were significant differences （P = 0.05） among the four populations in six to eight morphological characteristics. The results of clustering revealed that the four populations had some divergence. There were Significant differences between Chinese populations and Japanese populations, and a certain extent of geographical variances in distribution existied. According to Mayr＇s 75 % rule, the differences among the four populations of S. zunasi were still within the population level.