中国古典园林景名探析

An analysis of the landscape titles of Chinese classical gardens

通过对景观题名和景观本身、景观题名和作者读者、景观题名与社会时代之间关系的研究,探究景观题名的功能和意义,对其命名依据和表现进行系统的分析。从景观题名与景观本身的关系看,景观题名往往能直接反映或间接影射出景观本身的内容或主题,实现能指功能;从阐释性层面来考察二者之间的意义可分为写实与象征2种类型;从景观题名涵盖景观内容范围不同则表现为标志和隐蕴2个方面。从景观题名和作者读者关系看,景观题名是作者创作的一部分,反映作者的心理和意图,同时也将读者因素考虑在内;从景名中有无感情成分来考察可以分为有我与无我;从景名是否首次被创作出来方面看可以分为单篇与系列。文学惯例和与从众心理使景名在社会时代的影响下表现出一种趋同的特征,景名对社会时代也会产生反作用,表现出效益与功利。因此,景观题名可以看作是景观的延伸,阅读者可以从景观题名观照其背后的信息,将它作为看待景观作品的又一视角。

The relationship between the landscape title and text, the title and the author and reader, the title and the background of the society and the time were studied. It focused on the function and significance of the titles of landscapes, analyzed how to name a landscape and how the title functioned. According to the relationship of the title and text, we could see the title directly or indirectly reflected the content or the theme of the text, thus performing the function of indication. From an expository view, the significance of the two could be divided into realism and symbolism, and different scope of contents covered by the title manifested two aspects of indication and implication. According to the relationship of the title and the author and reader, the title was a part of the author＇s creation. It not only revealed the author＇s mentality and intention, but also took the reader into consideration. Whether or not the text contained author＇s emotion in could be clearly read from the title. Whether or not the title of landscape was created for the first time could be divided into singular and series. Literary practice and comfortable psychology made the titles of landscapes reach unanimity. While the titles of landscapes could cause counteraction to the society and the time which showed benefits as well as utilitarianism. Therefore the titles of landscape could be the extendibility landscape. Reader could obtain more information through the titles of the landscapes and make it as another insight in landscape works. [ Ch, 11 ref. ]