植物提取物对异育银鲫生长、免疫与抗氧化相关因子及抗病力的影响

Effects of plants extracts on growth,factors associated with immunity and antioxidation,and disease resistance of allogynogenetic crucian carp(Carassius auratus gibelio var.E'erqisi,Bloch)

将360尾异育银鲫随机分成四组，一组为对照组，投喂基础日粮，另外三组为试验组，投喂基础日粮中分别添加6mg／kg黄霉素组、200mg／kg植物提取物组、300mg／kg植物提取物组。连续投喂70d后，测定鱼的生长、血清溶菌酶活性、一氧化氮浓度、超氧化物歧化酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、丙二醛含量等。结果表明：与对照组相比，添加300mg／kg植物提取物显著提高了鱼体增重率和特定生长率；添加200～300mg／kg植物提取物显著提高了血清溶菌酶活性，一氧化氮浓度，超氧化物歧化酶活性，降低了饵料系数与血清丙二醛浓度；6mg／kg黄霉素组增重率、特定生长率有增加趋势，差异不显著，但是显著提高了鱼体内脏比、肝体比、肥满度、血清溶菌酶活性、一氧化氮浓度和过氧化氢酶活性。鱼攻毒试验也表明，添加中草药、黄霉素降低鱼的死亡率。因此添加200～300mg／kg植物提取物能提高机体免疫机能与抗氧化能力，抵抗病原菌感染，促进鱼体牛长。

A total of 360 allogynogenetic crucian carp were allotted into four groups randomly. The control group was fed with basal diet, the others were the treated groups fed with basal diet supplemented with 6 mg/kg flavomycin, 200 mg/kg plants extracts and 300 mg/kg plants extracts, respectively. After 70 days of feeding, the growth, lysozyme activity, nitric oxide content （NO）, superoxide dismutase activity （SOD）, catalase activity （ CAT）, malondialdehyde content （ MDA）, and disease resistance of allogynogenetic crucian carp were rate, and specific growth rate; ingestion of 200 -300 mg/kg plants extracts apparently enhanced serum l,ysozyme activities, NO contents, SOD activities, and significantly decreased feed conversion rates and serum MDA contents, ingestion of 6 mg/kg flavomycin had no significant effect on growth gain rate, and specific growth rates; however apparently increased viserosomatic indices, hepatosomatic indices, and fullness indices, serum lysozyme activity, NO content, and CAT activity. The artificial infection with A. hydrophila caused mortality in all groups, hut the control was the highest. Therefore it indicates that ingestion of 200 - 300 mg/kg dose of plants extracts could improve immunity and antioxidation ability, help to prevent the pathogeny infection and promote fish growth.