对中国能源问题的思考

Reflections on Energy Issues in China

本文阐明了能源问题的重要性,指出能源是我国经济社会发展的重要制约因素,事关经济安全和国家安全。从资源、生产、消费以及对环境和经济社会发展影响等方面,分析了世界能源基本状况和发展趋势,并探讨了我国能源发展面临的机遇和挑战。关于中国能源发展的战略思路,是本文论述的重点。文中提出走中国特色新型能源发展道路,主要涵义是:坚持节约高效、多元发展、清洁环保、科技先行、国际合作,努力建设一个利用效率高、技术水平先进、污染排放低、生态环境影响小、供给稳定安全的能源生产流通消费体系。文章阐述了节约优先的长期战略、一次能源的有效开发利用和先进电力系统的发展等内容,展望了未来能源技术的发展前景。同时,还提出实施好能源发展战略,需要进一步完善能源政策,健全体制机制,加强宏观管理,更好地发挥市场配置资源的基础性作用,为经济社会发展提供有力的能源保障。

Energy, which has a bearing on both economic and national security, is of importance and a major constraining factor to the economic and social development of China. The article analyses the current world energy status and development trend from the perspectives of resources, production and consumption and in the context of its implications on the environment and economic and social development, and explores opportunities and challenges for China＇s energy development. With a focus on the strategy of energy development in China, the author proposes a new energy development approach with Chinese characteristics whose main elements are： energy-saving, high-efficiency, diversified development, environment protection, technology guidance and inter-national cooperation. In other words, China is striving to build a reliable energy production, circulation and consumption system that is efficient, technologically advanced, low polluting and ecologically friendly. A long- term development strategy with priority on energy conservation, efficient utillization of primary energy and advanced electricity system is expounded in the paper. The author also describes the prospect of energy technology development and stresses the implementation of energy strategy by further improving energy policy and related mechanisms, strengthening macro-management and the essential role of the market in resource allocation so as to ensure the economic and social development of China through reliable energy supply.