俄罗斯穆伦地区查罗石玉矿物学特征的研究

Mineralogical and Gemmological Characteristics of Charoite Jade From Russia Murun

利用化学分析、X射线粉晶衍射、差热及热重分析、红外光谱、扫描电镜及可见光吸收光谱等现代测试方法对俄罗斯穆伦地区查罗石玉进行了系统的矿物学特征的研究,测得查罗石玉的主要矿物查罗石（紫硅碱钙石）是一种富钙、钾、钠的硅酸盐矿物;含有一定的结晶水和结构水。主要矿物查罗石（紫硅碱钙石）属单斜晶系,晶胞参数为：a0=1.9626nm,b0=3.2110nm,c0=0.7198nm,β=93.76°。扫描电子显微镜下观察,查罗石主要由细长矩形的片状查罗石组成,查罗石晶体呈定向排列,晶体大小平均长约150～200μm,宽约10～20μm左右,发育良好的多组波状弯曲的片状查罗石晶体及其纤维变晶结构是查罗石玉具有丝绢光泽的原因。建立了查罗石矿物的标准红外吸收光谱图。最后初步探讨了查罗石的致色机理：Mn^3＋是产生查罗石紫色的主要原因。

Based on EMPA,XRD,DTA,TG,SEM,IS,and visble light absorption spectroscope analysis,this paper studied on mineralogical characteristics of charoite jade from Russia Murun.The results showed that the main mineral of charoite jade was charoite.It was found that chemical composition of it was characterized by rich Ka,Na and Ca.It contained a certain amount of molecular water,hydroxyl water.Meanwhile,the cell parameters were calculated and the data was a0=1.9603nm,b0=3.2087nm,c0=0.7200nm,β=93.73°.Based on the observation of charoite jade by SEM,the average crystal size was about 150～200μm length,10～20μm width.The fiber texture was investigated to its silky gloss.There was preliminary discussion on color-causing factors of charoite.Its vivid purple color was mainly attributed to Mn3+.