3种微核检测方法的比较

Comparision of three methods of micronucleus detection

目的探讨微核检测的最佳方法。方法20只小鼠随机分为实验组和阴性对照组,每组10只。实验组小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺60 mg.kg-1,阴性对照组小鼠腹腔注射生理盐水0.5 mL,2组均为每日1次,连续注射3 d。取小鼠的外周血、骨髓液和睾丸组织细胞,分别采用外周血微核检测方法、骨髓微核检测方法及睾丸微核检测方法观察微核结果。结果外周血微核检测方法未观察到微核;骨髓微核检测法微核很易观察到,细胞中出现1个、2个或3个微核的结果都清晰可见;睾丸微核检测方法观察到出现微核的细胞较少。骨髓微核检测法,实验组和阴性对照组的微核发生率分别为(7.5±1.34)‰和(2.9±0.38)‰,2组间有极显著差异(P<0.01);睾丸微核检测法实验组和阴性对照组的微核发生率分别为(5.5±0.84)‰和(1.5±0.41)‰,2组间有显著差异(P<0.05),且实验组微核发生率骨髓微核检测方法高于睾丸微核检测方法(P<0.05)。结论3种方法中骨髓细胞微核检测方法最佳。

Objective To investigate the best method of micronucleus detection. Methods Twenty mice were divided randomly into experiment group and negative control group, 10 in each group. The experiment group were given peritoneal inject of cyclophosphamide（60 mg · kg^-l ）. The negative control group were given peritoneal injection of 0.5mL sodium chloride. Both groups were injected once a day and continuously 3 days. Peripheral blood, bone marrow cells and testicle cells were obtained. Then the states of micronucleus of them were detected by the detective method of peripheral blood, marrow and testis respectively. Results No micronucleus was found in peritoneal blood. Micronucleus were easy to be found in bone marrow micronucleus. The findings with one, two or three micronuclei in cells were all observed clearly. In testicle micronucleus detection, micronucleus was not easy to be found. The micronucleus incidence rates of the experiment group and the negative group were （7.5 ± 1.34）‰ and（2.9 ± 0.38）‰,respectively. There were significent differencesbetween the two groups（ P 〈 0.01 ）. The micronucleus incidence rates of the experiment group and the negative group were（ 5.5± 0. 84 ）‰ and（ 1.5±0. 41 ）‰ respectively. There were significent differencesbetween the two groups （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. In the experiment groups, micronucleus incidence detected in bone marrow was higher that in testicle（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The method of micronucleus detection in bone marrow cells is the best.