社会转型期我国弱势群体问题研究综述

An Overview on the Problems Facing China's Disadvantaged Groups in Social Transformation Period

对弱势群体的界定有能力脆弱论、经济社会地位论、贫困群体论等观点;弱势群体具有生活状况的贫困化、经济地位的依赖化、制度认同的歧视化、自身素质低劣化、社会地位边缘化的特征;弱势群体形成的原因有经济社会转型、分配制度的不合理、税收和社会保障的问题、个人素质与能力因素等;不同类型的弱势群体容易诱发各种危机,影响和谐社会的构建;解决弱势群体问题包括政府治理、法律治理、社会治理和自我治理。

There are a few theories on defining the disadvantaged groups such as competence frailty theory, economic and social status theory and poverty group theory. The disadvantaged groups are distinctive in the following aspects： extreme poverty, economic dependence, being discriminated in system identification, low individual quality and being marginalized in society. Many reasons resulted in the existence of the groups including transformation of economy and society, irrationality taxation and social security, personal quality and ability. Disadv different kinds of crises and impact the construction of a harmoni in induce distribution system, problems in antaged groups of different types may leas to ous society. The problem can only be solved by common efforts of the government, regulations, society and members of the disadvantaged groups