广州市大学生自杀意念及其影响因素分析

Suicidal Ideation and Its Influencing Factors of Undergraduates in Guangzhou

目的了解广州市大学生自杀意念的现状及其影响因素,为自杀预防提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,选取8所高校共2000名大学生作为研究对象,采用一般情况调查表、自评抑郁量表、自杀意念调查表、简易应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表和青少年生活事件量表进行调查。结果广州市大学生终生自杀意念发生率为33.2%,最近1a自杀意念发生率为8.5%,当前自杀意念发生率为2.7%。影响自杀意念发生的主要因素有性别、家庭成员之间的关系、自评心理健康状况、抑郁水平、消极应付方式和社会支持。结论自杀意念在广州市大学生中的发生率高,应从学校、家庭、社会三方面共同采取措施,减少自杀意念的产生,防止自杀意念转变为自杀行为。

Objective To study the prevalence of suicidal ideation and the influencing factors to suicidal ideation among undergraduates in Guangzhou,and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention against suicide.Methods By using a self-designed questionnaire,Self-rating Depression Scale,Suicidal Ideation Scale,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,Social Support Scale and Adolescent Life Event Scale,a stratified clustered sample of 2 000 undergraduates were investigated.Results About 33.2% of the undergraduates reported lifetime suicidal ideation and 2.7% reported present suicidal ideation.The influencing factors to suicidal ideation were gender,relationship among family members,self-rating mental health,level of depression,passive ways of coping and social support.Conclusion The prevalence of suicidal ideation of undergraduates is high.It is important for university,family and social to take measures for preventing suicide.