使用SCL-90及SRHMS对大型综合医院工作人员心理健康进行分析

Evaluation on Employees' Mental Health Status in a Large Comprehensive Hospital by SCL-90 and SRHMS

目的研究医院工作人员的心理健康水平,比较两种不同量表对医院工作人员心理健康的评定结果。方法选取某大型综合医院护士423人,医生382人,以及医疗技术人员323人,后勤人员217人,行政管理人员163人,用SCL-90及SRHMS量表同时进行心理健康评定,并对结果进行分析。结果SCL-90显示:不论是医疗工作者(医生、护士、医疗技术人员)还是医疗支持工作者(后勤人员,医院行政管理人员)都存在明显的心理健康问题,其心理健康得分均远高于全国常模(P=0.00),其总分均分分别为:157.88±60.22;155.45±60.46;145.22±44.89;133.23±40.19;154.89±53.36。医生心理健康水平最差,主要为躯体性、强迫、焦虑、恐惧、抑郁,护士次之,主要为躯体性、强迫、焦虑、人际关系、恐惧、偏执、精神性,其次是行政管理,主要表现为焦虑、强迫、抑郁、敌对、人际关系,再其次是医疗技术人员,表现为躯体性、焦虑、抑郁、精神性,后勤工作人员,主要表现为偏执、敌对性。医生、护士、行政管理人员的心理健康水平间没有显著性差异(P>0.25),但医生、护士、行政管理人员三者与医疗技术人员有显著性差异(P<0.01);医生、护士、行政管理人员三者与后勤人员有显著性差异(P<0.01);后勤人员与医疗技术人员之间有显著性差异(P<0.05)。SRHMS结果显示心理健康水平依次为医生、护士、医疗技术人员、后勤、行政管理人员,其中医生、护士、医疗技术人员之间没有显著性差异,后勤人员与行政管理人员之间没有显著性差异,但医生、护士、医疗技术人员与后勤行政人员之间有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论医生、护士、医疗技术人员存在的心理问题应引起社会及相关机构重视,SCL-90及SRHMS对检测的结果有一致性,但也存在一定的差异。

Objective To explore the characteristics of mental health among the employees of a large comprehensive hospital, and to compare the evaluation results of mental health by using Symptom Ohecklist-90-R （SOL- 90） and Selfrated Health Measurement Scale （SRHMS）. Methods The levels of mental health of 423 nurses, 382 doctors, 323 medical technicians, 217 logistics staffers, and 163 administrative management staffers were assessed by SOL- 90 and SRHMS, and the evaluation results were statistically analyzed. Results The assessment results of SCL - 90 indicated that all the employees in this hospital had problems in mental health, the scores of nurses, doctors, medical technicians, logistics staffers, and administrative management staffers were significantly higher than those of the national norm （P = 0.00）, and the scores were 157.88 ± 60.22; 155.45 ± 60.46; 145.22 ± 44.89 ; 133.23 ±40.19 ; and 154.89 ± 53.36. The mental health of doctors was the worst which showed in somatization, obsession, anxiety, fear, and depression; followed by nurse which showed in somatization, obsession compulsion, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, fear, depression, paranoid ideation, mental illness; administrative management staffers which showed in anxiety, obsession compulsion, depression, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity; medical technicians which showed in somatization,anxiety,depression, mental illness; and logistics staffers which showed only in paranoid ideation and hostility. There was no significant difference in the scores of doctor, nurse, and administrative management staffers; while the scores of doctor, nurse, and administrative management staffers were significantly higher than those of medical technicians and logistics staffers （P〈 0.01 ）. There were significant differences between the scores of logistic staffers and medical technicians （P〈 0.05）. The assessment results of SRHMS indicated that the score of mental health in doctors was the highest, and followed by nurses, medical technicians, logistics staffers, and administrative management staffers. There was no statistically significant difference among the scores of doctors, nurses, and medical technicians. The scores of logistics staffers and administrative management staffers showed no statistically significant difference. But the mental health scores of doctors, nurses, and medical technicians were significantly higher than that of logistics staffers （P〈 0.01）. Conclusions The results suggest that it is necessary to pay more attention to the mental health of doctors, nurses, and medical technicians in this hospital. The assessment results of SCL - 90 are basically consistent with the evaluation results of SRHMS, but discrepancies are found when used in the same population.