从管制转向服务:中国政府的管理革命——中国行政管理改革30年

From Control to Service:Chinese Government's Administrative Revolutio——China's 30 Years of Administrative Management Reform

改革开放以来,中国行政管理改革30年呈现出一个过程三个阶段的特点。从总体上看,行政管理改革是一个连续的、既相互衔接又不断深化的过程;在这个连续的过程中,不同的时期行政管理改革的重点又有不同,形成了三个主要阶段。第一阶段行政管理改革旨在突破政治、经济一体化的中央高度集权的体制束缚,重点是"简政放权";第二阶段行政管理改革是为了适应计划经济向市场经济体制的转轨,重点是转变政府职能;第三阶段行政管理改革是以建设服务型政府为目标,重点是推进政府管理模式的转变。中国30年行政管理改革,始终秉承一个目的、应对三个挑战,体现了一个方向和双重使命。一个方向是要实现政府管理从管制到服务的现代转型,建设服务型政府;双重使命表现为:行政管理改革既是一场管理革命,又是政府与市场关系、政府与公民关系、国内治理与全球治理关系的深刻调整。

The past 30 years of administrative management reform in China took on such characteristics as one course and three phases.In the first stage,the reform of administrative management aimed at breaking through bounds from the highly centralized system with political and economic integration,and its keystone is 'streamline administration and institute decentralization';In the second stage,the purpose of administrative management reform is adjusting to the systemetic transform from planned economy to market economy,and its focal point is to change the government function;The goal of the third stage's reform is to propel the transformation of government management model and build the service-oriented government.The goal is to realize the modern transformation from control to service in government management,and establish a modern government which is service-oriented.It is not only a managerial revolution but also a profound adjustment of the following 3 relations:government and market,government and citizens,domestic governance and global governance.