摘要
本研究采用琼脂平皿双倍稀释法测定了本院19964~19973月临床分离的耐甲氧西林金葡菌和表葡菌(MRSA和MRSE)对七种常用抗菌药物的敏感性。在所试药物中,氧氟沙星对MRSA和MRSE的体外抗菌活性最好:MIC50(MIC90)为4(64)和4(16)μg/ml;其次是利福平,MIC50(MIC90)为2(256)和4(16)μg/ml。庆大霉素、红霉素、磷霉素和磺胺类对MRSA和MRSE的体外抗菌活性较差,MIC50高于64μg/ml。MRSA和MRSE对红霉素的耐药率最高(8406%和9200%),其次是TMPSMZ(8841%和8400%)、TMP(8400%和8116%),磷霉素(8261%和7600%)。MRSA对氧氟沙星的耐药率(4348%)略高于利福平(2609%),MRSE对氧氟沙星的耐药率(3600%)略低于利福平(5200%)。由上可知,MRSA和MRSE耐药现象严重,同时耐多种抗生素的菌株广泛存在,临床上如遇MRSA和MRSE引起的感染,要避免选用红霉素、TMPSMZ、TMP、磷霉素这几类药物,应依照药敏试验结果选药或选择目前较敏感的糖肽类、氟喹诺酮?
The study was performed to determine the susceptibility of oxacillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis(MRSA and MRSE)clinical isolates in our hospital to seven general antimicrobial agents by serial twofold agar dillution method.The results stated that ofloxacin produced the best invitro activity against MRSA and MRSE among the seven antibiotics,the MIC50(MIC90) are 4(64)and 4(16)μg/ml,The next one is rifampin,MIC50(MIC90) are 2(256) and 4(16) μg/ml respectively.The MIC50 of gentamycin against MRSA and MRSE are 128 and 32 μg/ml separately.The MIC50 of erythromycin phosphomycin,TMP and TMPSMZ are higher than 64 μg/ml.The resistant rate of MRSA and MRSE to erythromycin is the highest(8406% and 9200%),subsequently is TMPSMZ(8841% and 8400%),TMP(8400% and 8116%),phosphomycin(8261% and 7600%),gentamycin(7826% and 4400%).The resistant rate of MRSA to ofloxacin(4348%)is mildly higher than that of rifampin(2609%),and the resistant rate of MRSE to ofloxacin(3600%) is lightly lower than that of rifampin(5200%).From these results,severe resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents and higher resistant rate existed in MRSA and MRSE.If the infection is caused by MRSA and MRSE,these varieties of antibiotics should be avoided of beign choiced,the glycopeptides,fluroquinolones and new microlides possisoned high antimicrobial activities to MRSA and MRSE,they are suggested to be used in these infections.
出处
《华西医学》
CAS
1997年第4期409-411,共3页
West China Medical Journal
关键词
葡萄球菌
抗生素
药敏试验
MRSA
MRSE
Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus epidermidis Antimicrobial susceptibility