华东地区主要矿山环境地质问题

Main mine geological environment problems in East China

华东地区经济发达,人口密集,城市化程度较高,对环境要求也高。但是华东地区资源丰富,涉及的矿种多,数量大,矿产资源开发普遍,由此造成的矿山环境地质问题比较突出。本文详细分析了华东地区矿产资源开发引发的矿山环境地质问题,如土地资源破坏和占用、水资源破坏、水土污染和矿山地质灾害等,指出区内因矿产资源开发引发的资源损毁、环境污染以及地质灾害的规模,分析引发矿山环境地质问题的主要自然和人为因素。

East China, which includes Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian provinces and Shanghai city, is an area with well-developing economy, thick population, high degree urbanization and strict requirement of urban environment. However,East China is also an area where abundant mineral re- sources have been discovered, thus causing glaring mine geologic environment problems arising therefrom. This paper analysed the mine geologic environment problems such as damage of land and water resources, mine geological disaster and environment pollution caused intensely by mining activities in the area. It is reported that about 2253.47km2 land was damaged, and about 1404 million tons of mine solid waste rocks and 3837 millions tons of mine waste water were produced per year in East China, the poisonous and harmful materials such as acid and heavy metals （Pb, Cr, Cd, Hg etc. ）, coming from these mine waste rocks and waste water, caused the serious environment poilu- The paper also indicated that the mine geological env/ronment problems were influenced mainly by both natural factors and artificial factors, the natural factors are the basic ones while the artificial factors are the important ones for causing mine geological environment problems such as environ- ment pollution, landslide, debris flow and other mine geologic hazards.