不同人群乙型病毒性肝炎传播危险因素调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis on Risk Factors of Hepatitis B Transmission among Different Crowds

目的了解乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)患者和对照人群预防乙肝的认识、态度、行为(Knowledge-Attitude-Practice,KAP),分析乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)传播危险因素,为制定预防控制乙肝策略提供依据。方法采用病例对照研究方法,抽取乙肝患者50例,按1∶2比例抽取社会人群100人,进行回顾性调查。结果公共场所划伤皮肤、非正规医疗机构就诊、不良的生活习惯和行为,是HBV传播的主要危险因素。乙肝病毒表面抗原感染与乙肝预防KAP有关。结论乙肝患者高估了日常生活接触的传播作用,而低估了血液传播、性接触传播的危险因素。应加强乙肝科普知识的宣传,改变不良的生活习惯和行为。

Objective To find out the differences on the knowledge,attitude and behavior related to Hepatitis B transmission between Hepatitis B patients and control group（ healthy people） and to analyzing the risk factors of Hepatitis B transmission. Method Adopted caseontrol study, 50 people who were Hepatitis B patients and 100 people as control group were selected to conduct retrospective investigation. Results Skin wound, disqualified medical treatment, unhealthy habits and manners are high risk factors to Hepatitis B transmission. The knowledge,attitude and behavior of Hepatitis B are very important to prevent Hepatitis B transmission. Conclusion There was a misunderstanding on the knowledge about Hepatitis B transmission among Hepatitis B patients. They thought daily contact was the key way of HBV transmission. They underestimated the blood transmission and sexual transmission. We need to conduct more propaganda on the knowledge of Hepatitis B prevention to change peoples＇ unhealthy habits and behavior.