黄芪注射液对颅脑损伤后脑保护作用的实验研究

Experimental study of the protective effect of astragalus injection(黄芪注射液) on brain after craniocerebral injury

目的探讨中药黄芪对颅脑损伤后脑细胞的保护作用。方法60只雄性SD大鼠被随机分为5组,每组12只。假手术组:只行麻醉及开颅手术,不擅击硬脑膜;模型组:用自由落体撞击法造成左顶叶局限性脑挫裂伤后予以生理盐水;低、中、高剂量黄芪治疗组:于伤后30 min及12 h分别于腹腔内注射黄芪注射液5、10和20 ml/kg。于伤后24h处死各组大鼠,取挫裂伤区脑组织测定Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、谷氨酸(Glu)及血浆内皮素(ET)含量。结果模型组大鼠损伤区脑组织Ca^(2+)、Glu及血浆ET含量均较假手术组明显升高,Mg^(2+)含量则明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01);各剂量黄芪治疗组脑组织Ca^(2+)、Glu及血浆ET含量均较模型组下降,Mg^(2+)含量升高,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01),但低、中、高剂量黄芪组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论黄芪对颅脑损伤后神经细胞具有保护作用。

Objective To explore the protective effect of astragalus injection （黄芪注射液） on cerebral cells after craniocerebral injury. Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into five groups （each n= 12）. In the control group, only anesthesia and cranial bone surgery was performed, which did not impact on dura mater. In the model group, a freefall method was used to cause the left parietal lobe of brain limited contusion and saline was given. In the low, medium and high-dose astragalus injection （5, 10, 20ml/kg） treatment groups, astragalus injection was injected intraperitoneally after injury at 30 minutes and 12 hours after injury respectively. After 24 hours of injury in each group, the rats were executed. The brain tissue from contusion was taken out and content changes of Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, glutamate （Glu） and plasma endothelin （ET） were measured. Results In the model group, the Ca^2＋, Glu and ET contents in the rat brain tissues were significantly higher, but Mg^2＋ content was markedly lower than that of the control group （all P〈0.01）. In the low, medium and high-dose treatment groups, Ca^2＋, Glu and ET contents were significantly lower than those in the model group, and Mg^2＋ content was obviously higher than that in the model group （all P〈0.01）. But the comparisons of above contents of various items among the low, medium and high-dose treatment groups all had no statistical significant differences from one another （all P〉0.05）. Conclusion Astragalus has a protective effect on nerve cells after craniocerebral injury.