高层建筑火灾初期利用电梯进行人员疏散的可行性探讨

Feasibility Study on the Evacuation through Elevators during the Initial Stage of High-rise Building Fire

概述高层建筑火灾情况下人员疏散的复杂性,指明了高层建筑传统的疏散方式及其存在的主要问题。结合火灾发展的规律、火灾初期电梯疏散的原理,建立了高层建筑在火灾初期利用电梯进行人员疏散的模型。针对火灾时使用电梯的主要危害,提出从电梯及电梯井本身的安全、送风、电梯分区及供电保障4方面的改进措施,并对火灾初期利用电梯进行人员疏散的安全合理性进行分析,结果表明在火灾初期利用电梯进行人员疏散具有一定的可行性。

The complexity of evacuation from high-rise buildings on fire is summarized, and the traditional evacuating way and its problems are pointed out. According to the rules of fire development and the evacuating principles through elevators during initial stage of fire, an evacuation model through elevators is set up for high-rise buildings during the initial stage of a fire. Based on hazard analysis of using elevator to evacuate, improving measures are proposed from the self-safety of elevators, air supply, elevator partition and power supply. Finally, the safety and rationality of the model is studied. The result indicates that it is feasible to use elevators for evacuation during the initial stage of high-rise building fire.