铁肥品种对苹果叶片叶绿素和铁含量及光合速率的影响

Influences of Different Iron Fertilizers on Chlorophyll Content,Iron Content and Photosynthetic Rate in Apple Leaves

[目的]筛选适合矫正缺铁失绿症苹果树的铁肥品种。[方法]采用断根输液法,对缺铁失绿症的苹果树分别施用不同浓度的Fe-Citric acid、EDTA-Fe和自制的Fe-N3种铁肥,研究不同铁肥品种对苹果树叶片叶绿素含量、铁含量及光合速率的影响。[结果]断根输液法施用铁肥能在较短时间内提高苹果树叶片叶绿素和铁含量,提高叶片光合速率,从而获得较好的复绿效果。5.99×10-3mol/L N-Fe处理的苹果树复绿效果明显,且没有肥害。苹果树叶片叶绿素含量增加最多的是5.99×10-3、4.00×10-3mol/LFe-N和1.20×10-3mol/LEDTA-Fe处理。5.99×10-3、4.00×10-3mol/LFe-N处理的叶片活性铁含量增加最多,5.99×10-3mol/LFe-N处理的叶片全铁含量增加最多。苹果叶片光合速率提高最多的是5.99×10-3mol/LFe-N和3.60×10-3mol/LFe-Citric acid处理。[结论]Fe-N是适合根系输液的矫正缺铁失绿症苹果树的铁肥品种。

[ Objective] The aim was to screen the suitable iron fertilizers for rectifying iron deficiency chlorosis of the apple trees. [ Method ] Different concn, of Fe-citric acid, EDTA-Fe and self-made iron fertilizer of Fe-N were applied in the apple trees with iron deficiency chloresis by root pnming injection method and the influences of different iron fertilizers on chlorophyll content, iron content and photosynthetic rate in apple leaves were studied. [ Resuit] Applying iron fertilizers by root priming injection method could increase the chlorophyll content, iron content and photosynthetic rate of apple leaves, thereby obtain better recovering green effect. The recovering green effect of apple trees treated with 5.99×10^-3mol/L Fe-N was obvious and had no fertilizer harm. The increase of the chlorophyll content in apple leaves treated with 5.99 ×10^-3, 4.00 ×10^-3mg/L Fe-N and 1.20 ×10^-3mol/L EDTA- Fe were the most. The increase of the active iron in leaves treated with 5.99 ×10^-3 and 4.00×10^-3 mol/L Fe-N were the most and that of the total iron in leaves treated with 5.99 ×10^-3mol/L Fe-N was most. The increase of the photosynthetic rate in apple leaves treated with 5.99 ×10^-3mol/L Fe-N and 3.60 ×10^-3 mol/L Fe-citric acid were the most. [Conclusion] Fe-N was the iron fertilizer suitable for the root injection to rectify iron deficiency chlorosis of the apple trees.