生物柴油及其衍生物烷醇酰胺的合成工艺

Synthesis technology of biodiesel and its derivatives alkanolamide

以棉籽油为原料，由酯交换方法制备生物柴油，将精制的生物柴油用于合成1：1．1型的表面活性剂烷醇酰胺，并对其合成工艺条件进行了优化。结果表明：棉籽油与甲醇在NaOH催化剂作用下，制备生物柴油的最佳条件是，甲醇与棉籽油摩尔比为6：1，反应时间40min，反应温度40℃，催化剂质量为棉籽油质量的0．8％；由生物柴油与二乙醇胺反应，制备1：1．1型表面活性剂烷醇酰胺的最佳反应条件是，首先加入摩尔比为1：0．6的生物柴油与二乙醇胺反应，反应时间为3h，反应温度为130℃，再加入生物柴油质量为1．0％的NaOH催化剂和剩下的二乙醇胺，在70℃下保温3h，制得的烷醇酰胺活性物含量为95％～96％。

Using cottonseed oil as raw material, biodiesel was prepared by ester exchange reaction. The refined biodiesel was uesd to synthesize 1 ： 1.1 surfactant alkanolamide, and the synthesis technology conditions were optimized. The best operation conditions under which cottonseed oil and methanol react with NaOH as catalyst were obtained. The following are the optimal reaction parameters： Molar ratio of methanol to cottenseed oil is 6： 1. Reaction time is about 40 min, reaction temperation is about 40 ℃. The mass of NaOH is as much as 0.8% of cottenseed oil. Biodiesel and diethanolamine reacted to synthesize 1 ： 1.1 alkanolamide with NaOH as catalyst. The proper conditions are as follows： The reaction was firstly carried out at 130℃ with biodiesel and diethanolamine whose molar ratio being 1 ： 0.6, and the reaction time is 3 h. Then the other diethanolamine and NaOH whose mass is as much as 1.0% of biodiesel were added. The reaction temperature and reaction time are 70℃ and 3 h, respectively. Theactive content of alkanolamide is 95% -96%.