205例精神疾病患者社区康复调查分析与对策

Survey analysis and countermeasures of rehabilitation of 205 psychosis patients in community

目的：探讨精神疾病患者社区康复方法。方法：采用社会功能缺陷量表（SDSS）与自行设计问卷调查表（项目包括调查者一般情况、文化、婚姻、工作、收入等）对精神疾病患者进行现场调研。结果：精神分裂症社会功能缺陷（91．3％）比癫痫伴精神障碍（87．5％）、情感性精神病（66．7％）高，Х^2=45．091，P〈0．01，有非常显著性差异；精神疾病病情复发2次以上与患者的社会功能缺陷有一定关系，经卡方检验，Х^2=11．57，P〈0．05，差异有显著性。结论：尽快立法保护精神病患者合法权利，通过多种形式宣传精神卫生相关知识，提高全民对精神卫生相关知识知晓率；在“政府领导、部门合作、社会参与”工作机制下，动员社会力量，建立公司企业和个人开办民办公助等多种形式的社区康复机构。

Objective：To explore and discuss rehabilitation methods for psychosis patients. Methods：Social Disability Screening Schedule （SDSS） and questionnaire are used to survey psychosis patients. Results： The social disability of patients with schizophrenia （167 （91. 3 ） ） is higher than that of epileptics accompanied with mental disorders （7 （87.5）and patients with affective disorder （2 （66.7） ）. According to Х^2 = 45.091, P 〈 0.01, the difference among them is very significant. The psychosis patients with more than 2 recurrences of psychosis relates with their social disability ; according to Х^2 = 11.57,P 〈 0.05, the difference is very significant. Conclusions： The awareness rate of mental health needs to be improved by legislation to protect legal right of patients as soon as possible and publicizing mental health knowledge; by mobilizing all social power, various kinds of community rehabilitation organizations will be established under the work mechanisms with government leadership, departments cooperation and civil participation.